This formal methodology allows for each factor and their interactions to be identified, isolated and used in small arms wounding models and simulations. This paper discusses the use of the formal test methodology, Design of Experiment (DOE) testing to identify, understand and probabilistically model the significant factors effecting terminal performance against soft targets. However, observations can be made post-test which can confirm the validity of any model. In the case of terminal ballistics, it is difficult to observe the projectile making contact with different target sets due to type of terminal effect or the clutter/noise caused during the event. Although a range of assumptions can be made to reduce the complexity of the relationships, in order to develop simulations or models, it is more accurate and efficient to utilise real world test and evaluation activities to understand their effects on safety and suitability. This is due to the complex relationships that exist for the intermediate and terminal effects phases. Through the study of ballistics, explosive ordnance engineers and ballisticians can design munitions that defeat targets efficiently while reducing collateral damage.Ĭontemporary study of ballistics has been able to characterise and model accurately two of the ballistics phases namely the internal and external phase. Ballistic theory is divided into four distinct phases the internal, intermediate (also referred to as transitional), external and terminal. More generally, it is the study of the behaviour of projectiles and how they are delivered to and defeat a target. Ballistics can be defined as the science of firearms, gun systems and their accompanying propellants and projectiles.
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